This chapter deals with the international protection and promotion of indigenous traditional knowledge (TK) associated with agriculture, with a special focus on biodiversity-related knowledge. Interest in this knowledge has intensified greatly over the past two decades, along with a growing awareness of the contribution it can make, in a time of climate and environmental change, towards developing more sustainable models of agriculture and contrasting the erosion of both biodiversity and cultural diversity. The chapter analyses the international legal framework for TK protection, as well as current international efforts to develop sui generis protection systems that are culturally more appropriate in light of the collective and intergenerational nature of TK. In this context, the protection of indigenous TK is put against the backdrop of the protection of TK hold by rural communities of peasants, shepherds, and fishermen. The chapter finally investigates the role of intellectual property in preserving indigenous peoples’ TK and promoting their economic empowerment. More precisely, attention is paid to the question as to whether TK falls within the boundaries of protected property under international human rights law.
Il presente contributo tratta della protezione delle conoscenze tradizionali indigene nel diritto internazionale, con particolare attenzione alle conoscenze relative alla biodiversità. L'interesse nei confronti di siffatte conoscenze si è intensificato notevolmente negli ultimi due decenni, insieme a una crescente consapevolezza del contributo che esse possono apportare, in un periodo di cambiamenti climatici e ambientali, allo sviluppo di modelli di agricoltura maggiormente sostenibili, nonché al contrasto dell'erosione della biodiversità e della diversità culturale ad essa associata. L’autore analizza il quadro giuridico internazionale in tema di protezione delle conoscenze tradizionali e di diritti bioculturali, nonché gli sforzi della comunità internazionali per sviluppare sistemi di protezione sui generis culturalmente più appropriati, alla luce della natura collettiva e intergenerazionale delle conoscenze indigene. Infine, il contributo esamina criticamente il ruolo della proprietà intellettuale nella tutela delle conoscenze tradizionali. Più precisamente, si interroga sul fatto se la tutela di dette conoscenze possa derivare da un’interpretazione in chiave multiculturale e antiegemonica della proprietà, quale tutelata dalle convenzioni internazionali sui diritti umani.
Protection of Traditional Knowledge of Agricultural Interest in International Law
Simone Vezzani
2020
Abstract
This chapter deals with the international protection and promotion of indigenous traditional knowledge (TK) associated with agriculture, with a special focus on biodiversity-related knowledge. Interest in this knowledge has intensified greatly over the past two decades, along with a growing awareness of the contribution it can make, in a time of climate and environmental change, towards developing more sustainable models of agriculture and contrasting the erosion of both biodiversity and cultural diversity. The chapter analyses the international legal framework for TK protection, as well as current international efforts to develop sui generis protection systems that are culturally more appropriate in light of the collective and intergenerational nature of TK. In this context, the protection of indigenous TK is put against the backdrop of the protection of TK hold by rural communities of peasants, shepherds, and fishermen. The chapter finally investigates the role of intellectual property in preserving indigenous peoples’ TK and promoting their economic empowerment. More precisely, attention is paid to the question as to whether TK falls within the boundaries of protected property under international human rights law.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.