In this essay, the author starts from the observation that, immediately after the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic, when talking about the measures to block the spread of the infection, the terminology and tones typical of armed conflicts were generally used, defining the actions to be implemented to cope with the health emergency with the expression "war" on the virus, as if it were a real armed conflict, albeit against an invisible enemy very different from that represented by the opposing army. But during the pandemic, the war, the real one, did not stop, thus making Covid-19 a further threat and source of suffering for the people involved in armed conflicts, determining a real humanitarian emergency. The essay first examines the measures adopted by the different competent UN bodies, then questions whether the existing customary and treaty-law rules of international humanitarian law are structured in such a way as to allow them to tackle the pandemic emergency and whether their inevitable gaps can be filled by resorting to the founding principles of humanitarian law.
In questo saggio l’autrice parte dalla constatazione che, subito dopo l’inizio della pandemia da Covid-19, parlando delle misure per bloccare il propagarsi del contagio è stata generalmente adottata la terminologia e i toni tipici dei conflitti armati, definendo le azioni da attuare per far fronte all’emergenza sanitaria con l’espressione “guerra” al virus, come se di un vero e proprio conflitto armato si trattasse, sia pure contro un nemico invisibile e ben diverso da quello rappresentato dall’esercito avversario. Ma durante la pandemia, la guerra, quella vera, non si è fermata, facendo del Covid-19 un’ulteriore minaccia e fonte di sofferenza per le persone coinvolte a vario titolo nei conflitti armati che insanguinano la Terra, determinando un’emergenza umanitaria vera e propria. Il saggio esamina le misure adottate dai vari organi delle Nazioni Unite e, data la diffusione della pandemia pendente bello, si interroga se le regole consuetudinarie e pattizie del diritto internazionale umanitario applicabili ai conflitti armati siano strutturate in modo tale da consentire di far fronte all’emergenza e se le eventuali lacune presenti possano essere colmate facendo ricorso ai principi fondanti del diritto umanitario.
Emergenze sanitarie e diritto internazionale umanitario
LANCIOTTI Alessandra
2022
Abstract
In this essay, the author starts from the observation that, immediately after the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic, when talking about the measures to block the spread of the infection, the terminology and tones typical of armed conflicts were generally used, defining the actions to be implemented to cope with the health emergency with the expression "war" on the virus, as if it were a real armed conflict, albeit against an invisible enemy very different from that represented by the opposing army. But during the pandemic, the war, the real one, did not stop, thus making Covid-19 a further threat and source of suffering for the people involved in armed conflicts, determining a real humanitarian emergency. The essay first examines the measures adopted by the different competent UN bodies, then questions whether the existing customary and treaty-law rules of international humanitarian law are structured in such a way as to allow them to tackle the pandemic emergency and whether their inevitable gaps can be filled by resorting to the founding principles of humanitarian law.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.