The Chapter "Powers and market" is divided into three sections. After having reconstructed the premises of the relationship between Law and Market, the essay analyzes the stages of the theoretical evolution of the relationship between the powers of the State and the rules of the market, taking care to clarify the multiple cultural bases that animated the German Ordoliberalism and the theory of Wirtschaftsverfassung. In the Italian republican history, the constitutional principles on economics (starting from the rules that proclaim the freedom of private economic initiative in the free play of relations based on competition and define the relative limits to guarantee the fundamental values of personalism and social interests) have provided a basis of legitimation both for the forms of direct intervention of the State in the economy, and for the advent of the culture of regulation within an effectively competitive market, a culture largely linked to the global evolution of neoliberal and to building the EU integration. The constitutional dimension of the powers of the independent/quasi-independent authorities responsible for the management of crucial sectors of the economy is linked to the evolution of European law, starting precisely from the application of the antitrust rules by the national Antitrust Authority (AGCM) which in the last thirty years of institutional activity has defined the contours of the value of competition as a rule for all levels of government. This path was already substantially defined and completed when in 2001, with the revision of Title V, part II of the It.Constitution, the "protection of competition" entered the constitutional text as a "task" attributed exclusively to state law. In the dynamics of the Italian regional state, competition has thus acquired the fundamental role of an instrument (proving to be ductile and elastic in light of the interpretation of Constitutional Court) to redefine the contours of industrial policy and policies for the unitary economic development of the country.
Il capitolo intitolato “Poteri e mercato” si articola in tre sezioni. Dopo aver richiamato le complesse premesse del rapporto tra diritto e mercato, il saggio ripercorre le tappe dell’evoluzione teorica del rapporto tra i poteri dello stato e le regole del mercato avendo cura di chiarire le plurime dimensioni culturali che hanno animato l’Ordoliberalismo tedesco e la teoria della Wirtschaftsverfassung. Nella storia repubblicana i principi costituzionali sui rapporti economici (a partire dalla norme che proclamano la libertà di iniziativa economica privata nel libero gioco dei rapporti fondati sulla concorrenza e ne definiscono al contempo i relativi limiti a garanzia dei valori fondamentali del personalismo e degli interessi sociali) hanno fornito una base di legittimazione sia per le forme di intervento diretto dello Stato nell’economia, sia per l’avvento della cultura della regolazione all’interno di un mercato effettivamente concorrenziale, cultura in larga parte legata all’evoluzione globale delle teorie neoliberali e alla costruzione dell’integrazione sovranazionale europea. Alla evoluzione del diritto europeo si ricollega la dimensione costituzionale dei poteri delle autorità indipendenti/quasi indipendenti preposte alla gestione di settori cruciali dell’economia, a partire proprio dalla applicazione delle regole antitrust da parte dell’Autorità Garante della Concorrenza e del Mercato (AGCM) che in oltre trenta anni di attività istituzionale ha definito i contorni del valore della concorrenza come regola per tutti i livelli di governo. Questo cammino era già sostanzialmente definito e compiuto quando nel 2001, con la revisione del Titolo V, parte II della Costituzione, la “tutela della concorrenza” entra nel testo costituzionale come “compito” attribuito in via esclusiva alla legge statale. Nelle dinamiche della forma di stato regionale la concorrenza ha così acquisito il ruolo fondamentale di strumento (rivelatosi duttile ed elastico alla luce dell’interpretazione dei giudici costituzionali) per ridefinire i contorni della politica industriale e della politiche per lo sviluppo economico unitario del paese.
Poteri e mercato
Luisa Cassetti
2023
Abstract
The Chapter "Powers and market" is divided into three sections. After having reconstructed the premises of the relationship between Law and Market, the essay analyzes the stages of the theoretical evolution of the relationship between the powers of the State and the rules of the market, taking care to clarify the multiple cultural bases that animated the German Ordoliberalism and the theory of Wirtschaftsverfassung. In the Italian republican history, the constitutional principles on economics (starting from the rules that proclaim the freedom of private economic initiative in the free play of relations based on competition and define the relative limits to guarantee the fundamental values of personalism and social interests) have provided a basis of legitimation both for the forms of direct intervention of the State in the economy, and for the advent of the culture of regulation within an effectively competitive market, a culture largely linked to the global evolution of neoliberal and to building the EU integration. The constitutional dimension of the powers of the independent/quasi-independent authorities responsible for the management of crucial sectors of the economy is linked to the evolution of European law, starting precisely from the application of the antitrust rules by the national Antitrust Authority (AGCM) which in the last thirty years of institutional activity has defined the contours of the value of competition as a rule for all levels of government. This path was already substantially defined and completed when in 2001, with the revision of Title V, part II of the It.Constitution, the "protection of competition" entered the constitutional text as a "task" attributed exclusively to state law. In the dynamics of the Italian regional state, competition has thus acquired the fundamental role of an instrument (proving to be ductile and elastic in light of the interpretation of Constitutional Court) to redefine the contours of industrial policy and policies for the unitary economic development of the country.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.