Smart sustainable concrete materials and structures

This chapter describes promising techniques and materials in sustainable and multifunctional concrete. Advanced additives, such as nano- and micro-materials, fibers, and polymers, enhance mechanical properties, durability, and functionality like self-sensing, self-healing and self-cleaning. Eco-friendly cement replacements like geopolymers and supplementary cementitious materials reduce carbon footprint and offer improved durability. In particular, researchers are developing self-sensing cement-based materials and systems for real-time performance assessment and Structural Health Monitoring. Proactive maintenance ensures long-term safety and sustainability. Ongoing research explores recycled aggregates and industrial by-products as sustainable alternatives, reducing environmental impact. This chapter focuses on multifunctional cement-based materials, advancing sustainable and smart concrete solutions for resilient and eco-conscious construction practices.