The processes of infiltration and overland flow over natural surfaces have important applications in surface runoff computations and transport of associated contaminants. Since natural fields exhibit spatially heterogeneous infiltration properties, water from upstream saturated areas may infiltrate into downstream regions where moisture deficit has not been satisfied leading to the runon process. This chapter first presents the classical equations for shallow water flow, their popular approximations, and describes the runon effect along with descriptions of some laboratory experiments of overland flow that demonstrate the relevance of runon. Monte-Carlo methods for quantitative evaluation of the role of runon effect at the field scale are presented. Specifically, role of runon is described in conjunction with flow quantities, erosion and transport of sediments, and transfer of dissolved solutes. Numerical solutions for these processes and field-scale ensemble averages and variances of relevant quantities are examined, and the conditions under which runon can be ignored are identified. A method for extending the runon process to watershed scale applications is described in this chapter.
Overland Flow and the Runon Process
CORRADINI, Corrado;MORBIDELLI, Renato
2012
Abstract
The processes of infiltration and overland flow over natural surfaces have important applications in surface runoff computations and transport of associated contaminants. Since natural fields exhibit spatially heterogeneous infiltration properties, water from upstream saturated areas may infiltrate into downstream regions where moisture deficit has not been satisfied leading to the runon process. This chapter first presents the classical equations for shallow water flow, their popular approximations, and describes the runon effect along with descriptions of some laboratory experiments of overland flow that demonstrate the relevance of runon. Monte-Carlo methods for quantitative evaluation of the role of runon effect at the field scale are presented. Specifically, role of runon is described in conjunction with flow quantities, erosion and transport of sediments, and transfer of dissolved solutes. Numerical solutions for these processes and field-scale ensemble averages and variances of relevant quantities are examined, and the conditions under which runon can be ignored are identified. A method for extending the runon process to watershed scale applications is described in this chapter.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
