Phospholipases A2 (PLA2) participate in neuronal death sig- nalling pathways because of their ability to release lipid medi- ators, although the contribution of each isoform and mechanism of neurotoxicity are still elusive. Using a novel flu- orogenic method to assess changes in a PLA2 activity by flow cytometry, here we show that the group IIA secretory phos- pholipase A2 isoform (GIIA) was specifically activated in cortical neurons following stimulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate gluta- mate receptor subtype (NMDAR). For activation, GIIA required Ca2+ and reactive oxygen/nitrogen species, and inhibition of its activity fully prevented NMDAR-mediated neuronal apoptotic death. Superoxide, nitric oxide or peroxynitrite donors stimu- lated GIIA activity, which mediated neuronal death. Intriguingly, we also found that GIIA activity induced mitochondrial super- oxide production after NMDAR stimulation. These results re- veal a novel role for GIIA in excitotoxicity both as target and producer of superoxide in a positive-loop of activation that may contribute to the propagation of neurodegeneration.
Group IIA secretory phospholipase A2 (GIIA) mediates apoptotic death during NMDA receptor activation in rat primary cortical neurons.
NARDICCHI, Vincenza;GORACCI, Gianfrancesco
2010
Abstract
Phospholipases A2 (PLA2) participate in neuronal death sig- nalling pathways because of their ability to release lipid medi- ators, although the contribution of each isoform and mechanism of neurotoxicity are still elusive. Using a novel flu- orogenic method to assess changes in a PLA2 activity by flow cytometry, here we show that the group IIA secretory phos- pholipase A2 isoform (GIIA) was specifically activated in cortical neurons following stimulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate gluta- mate receptor subtype (NMDAR). For activation, GIIA required Ca2+ and reactive oxygen/nitrogen species, and inhibition of its activity fully prevented NMDAR-mediated neuronal apoptotic death. Superoxide, nitric oxide or peroxynitrite donors stimu- lated GIIA activity, which mediated neuronal death. Intriguingly, we also found that GIIA activity induced mitochondrial super- oxide production after NMDAR stimulation. These results re- veal a novel role for GIIA in excitotoxicity both as target and producer of superoxide in a positive-loop of activation that may contribute to the propagation of neurodegeneration.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
