Four field experiments were carried out in 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014 in central Italy in order to evaluate the effects of foramsulfuron applied at the recommended (60.8 g a.i. ha-1) and reduced doses (1/3 and 2/3) on the efficacy against several of the most important weed species in maize (Zea mays L.). For each “year-weed” combination, dose-response curves were applied to estimate the dose of foramsulfuron required to obtain 90% and 95% weed control (ED90 and ED95 values). Foramsulfuron phytotoxicity to the maize and grain yield of crop were assessed. Foramsulfuron applied at 1/3 of the maximum labelled dose (20.3 g a.i. ha-1) provided 95% efficacy against redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.), green foxtail (Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv.), wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.) and black nightshade (Solanum nigrum L.). Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medik.), common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.) and barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.) were satisfactorily controlled (95% weed efficacy) with ED95 levels ranged from 20 to 50 g ha-1 of foramsulfuron (about from 1/3 to 5/6 of the maximum labelled dose) depending on growth stage. The maximum labelled dose of foramsulfuron was effective against pale smartweed (Polygonum lapathifolium L.) with plants at 2-4 true leaves (12-14 BBCH scale), but this dose was not sufficient to control plants that had developed more than 2-4 true leaves. The ranking among weed species based on their susceptibility to foramsulfuron was: redroot pigweed = green foxtail = wild mustard = black nightshade > velvetleaf = common lambsquarters = barnyardgrass > pale smartweed. Dose of foramsulfuron can be reduced below labelled dose depending on weed species and growth stage. Foramsulfuron showed a good crop selectivity at all tested doses and had no negative effect on grain yield.
Optimization of foramsulfuron doses for post-emergence weed control in maize (Zea mays L.)
PANNACCI, Euro
Writing – Original Draft Preparation
2016
Abstract
Four field experiments were carried out in 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014 in central Italy in order to evaluate the effects of foramsulfuron applied at the recommended (60.8 g a.i. ha-1) and reduced doses (1/3 and 2/3) on the efficacy against several of the most important weed species in maize (Zea mays L.). For each “year-weed” combination, dose-response curves were applied to estimate the dose of foramsulfuron required to obtain 90% and 95% weed control (ED90 and ED95 values). Foramsulfuron phytotoxicity to the maize and grain yield of crop were assessed. Foramsulfuron applied at 1/3 of the maximum labelled dose (20.3 g a.i. ha-1) provided 95% efficacy against redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.), green foxtail (Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv.), wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.) and black nightshade (Solanum nigrum L.). Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medik.), common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.) and barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.) were satisfactorily controlled (95% weed efficacy) with ED95 levels ranged from 20 to 50 g ha-1 of foramsulfuron (about from 1/3 to 5/6 of the maximum labelled dose) depending on growth stage. The maximum labelled dose of foramsulfuron was effective against pale smartweed (Polygonum lapathifolium L.) with plants at 2-4 true leaves (12-14 BBCH scale), but this dose was not sufficient to control plants that had developed more than 2-4 true leaves. The ranking among weed species based on their susceptibility to foramsulfuron was: redroot pigweed = green foxtail = wild mustard = black nightshade > velvetleaf = common lambsquarters = barnyardgrass > pale smartweed. Dose of foramsulfuron can be reduced below labelled dose depending on weed species and growth stage. Foramsulfuron showed a good crop selectivity at all tested doses and had no negative effect on grain yield.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
