The EWRS Working Group "Weed Management Systems in Vegetables" was established with the tasks of collecting and disseminating information and results on weeds and weed control strategies in vegetables, identifying gaps in knowledge and focusing new research projects. Information about key weeds, new weeds or species that have recently began to spread, critical period of competition, Integrated and Organic Weed Management programmes, authorised and under registration herbicides in onions grown in the field conditions in Croatia (HR), Finland (FIN), France (F), Israel (IL), Italy (I), Morocco (MA), Poland (PL), Portugal (P), Spain (E), Sweden (S), Switzerland (CH) and United Kingdom (UK) was collected. The weed communities are commonly very rich of species (both grasses and broad-leaved weeds) and their composition is highly variable in relation to sowing/planting period (autumn/spring). Crops are mostly direct drilled in S, PL, UK, F, CH, I, E and IL while they are mostly from sets in FIN, P and MA; there is an increasing area wherein onion is grown using transplants of multi-seeded modules in E and I. Apart from planting method and period, as the habit of onions is upright and they are slow to form a significant leaf canopy, the weed free maintenance period after crop emergence/planting is commonly large: 2-3 months in FIN, PL, UK, P, E and IL. Most of countries has the availability of several herbicides of pre- (pendimethalin, chlorthal-dimethyl, chlorpropham, propachlor…) and post-emergence (ioxynil, clopyralid, bentazon, oxyfluorfen, several grass weed herbicides…); only in MA and P, the availability of authorised herbicides is rather restricted. Chemical weed control is largely widespread and generally involves the use of an initial pre-emergence treatment and one or two further post-emergence treatments even if some a.i. (ioxynil, oxyfluorfen, clopyralid) can cause a temporary phytotoxicity. Split low-dose treatments are also spreading. However, in all the countries mechanical row crop cultivation commonly integrates chemical weed control. Organic farms commonly use flame and/or mechanical weeding. IWM can control the most of weeds but some species are becoming a key problem: Polygonum aviculare and Viola arvensis in FIN; Galium aparine, Poa annua, P. aviculare and Stellaria media in S; Artemisia vulgaris and P. annua in UK; P. annua, Polygonum spp. and S. media in CH; Convolvulus arvensis, Equisetum arvense, Fumaria spp., P. aviculare and P. annua in F; C. arvensis, Cirsium arvense, Euphorbia spp., and E. arvense in I; P. aviculare in E; Amaranthus spp., Cyperus esculentus, Datura stramonium, Galium spp. and P. annua in P; Ambrosia artemisiifolia and D. stramonium in HR; Chrysanthemum spp. in MA; Ammi spp., Daucus aureus, Fumaria spp., Ridolfia segetum and Cyperus rotundus in IL. New weeds are Rorippa sylvestris and Bidens tripartita in FIN, Euphorbia prostrata and Cuscuta campestris in IL. Further and more detailed information can be found in the WG Newsletter (available on request) and in the WG web site (http:/www.unipg.it/~agronomy/ewrsveg/).

Weeds and Weed Management in Onion - a review

TEI, Francesco;
1999

Abstract

The EWRS Working Group "Weed Management Systems in Vegetables" was established with the tasks of collecting and disseminating information and results on weeds and weed control strategies in vegetables, identifying gaps in knowledge and focusing new research projects. Information about key weeds, new weeds or species that have recently began to spread, critical period of competition, Integrated and Organic Weed Management programmes, authorised and under registration herbicides in onions grown in the field conditions in Croatia (HR), Finland (FIN), France (F), Israel (IL), Italy (I), Morocco (MA), Poland (PL), Portugal (P), Spain (E), Sweden (S), Switzerland (CH) and United Kingdom (UK) was collected. The weed communities are commonly very rich of species (both grasses and broad-leaved weeds) and their composition is highly variable in relation to sowing/planting period (autumn/spring). Crops are mostly direct drilled in S, PL, UK, F, CH, I, E and IL while they are mostly from sets in FIN, P and MA; there is an increasing area wherein onion is grown using transplants of multi-seeded modules in E and I. Apart from planting method and period, as the habit of onions is upright and they are slow to form a significant leaf canopy, the weed free maintenance period after crop emergence/planting is commonly large: 2-3 months in FIN, PL, UK, P, E and IL. Most of countries has the availability of several herbicides of pre- (pendimethalin, chlorthal-dimethyl, chlorpropham, propachlor…) and post-emergence (ioxynil, clopyralid, bentazon, oxyfluorfen, several grass weed herbicides…); only in MA and P, the availability of authorised herbicides is rather restricted. Chemical weed control is largely widespread and generally involves the use of an initial pre-emergence treatment and one or two further post-emergence treatments even if some a.i. (ioxynil, oxyfluorfen, clopyralid) can cause a temporary phytotoxicity. Split low-dose treatments are also spreading. However, in all the countries mechanical row crop cultivation commonly integrates chemical weed control. Organic farms commonly use flame and/or mechanical weeding. IWM can control the most of weeds but some species are becoming a key problem: Polygonum aviculare and Viola arvensis in FIN; Galium aparine, Poa annua, P. aviculare and Stellaria media in S; Artemisia vulgaris and P. annua in UK; P. annua, Polygonum spp. and S. media in CH; Convolvulus arvensis, Equisetum arvense, Fumaria spp., P. aviculare and P. annua in F; C. arvensis, Cirsium arvense, Euphorbia spp., and E. arvense in I; P. aviculare in E; Amaranthus spp., Cyperus esculentus, Datura stramonium, Galium spp. and P. annua in P; Ambrosia artemisiifolia and D. stramonium in HR; Chrysanthemum spp. in MA; Ammi spp., Daucus aureus, Fumaria spp., Ridolfia segetum and Cyperus rotundus in IL. New weeds are Rorippa sylvestris and Bidens tripartita in FIN, Euphorbia prostrata and Cuscuta campestris in IL. Further and more detailed information can be found in the WG Newsletter (available on request) and in the WG web site (http:/www.unipg.it/~agronomy/ewrsveg/).
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11391/139949
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