Strutture temporanee e terremoto. Soluzioni tensegrali per le emergenze

The recent disasters, and the emergency management connected, have created interest about solutions of temporary architectures. The proposal inside this study is developed on the concept of "tensegrity" and its applications, situating the design of these structures in the era of parametric architecture. The term “tensegrity” was created in the early Fifties by Buckminster Fuller and it’s a contraction of the words “tensional” and “integrity”, a particular form applied in different ways inside architectural field. Defining tensegrity structure without visual support is particularly difficult: a suitable definition can be “a system in a stable self-equilibrated state comprising a discontinuous set of compressed components inside a continuum of tensioned components”. The tensegrity structures present interesting peculiarities, for example the extreme lightness accompanied by a surprisingly structural rigidity. Other characteristics are the capacity of loads re-distribution on nearly the entirety of the structure, or even the recovery of their own balance, regardless of the direction of the perturbations that solicit them, all properties that we don’t find in the actual structural configurations characterized by a superimposition of compression. This structure is composed by poles and cables and through the algorithm it is possible to generate many types of shells with certain static- energetic characteristics in order to cover every possible planning need. The potentialities of tensegrity appear particularly suitable for the construction of spaces, with the objective of thinking about architectural modules characterized by speed in the construction, low cost of materials and easy transport, able to respond to different requests for civil protection and to not destroy landscape and territory.