One of the distinguishing features of the recent evolution of banking, payment, financial and insurance services is the objective of ensuring their easy and real-time accessibility even "remotely" and/or "on the move", also thanks to the wider availability of innovative ITC solutions. This is a process that, while being mainly driven by users' preferences and the search for greater efficiency on the part of service providers, has recently undergone a sudden and completely unexpected acceleration, due to the need to urgently apply emergency social distancing measures for the control of the Covid-19 pandemic. This unexpected event has reinforced, in particular, the need to implement a radical review of the current regulatory framework governing the conclusion and execution of contracts relating to the aforementioned "financial" services, so as to make it more responsive to the new social needs and the opportunities offered by the development of the so-called Fintech. With this in mind, this essay analyzes some of the recent regulatory measures adopted in Italy, also in the context of the emergency decrees enacted in response to the pandemic, which appear to be most relevant to the objective of promoting the straightforward and seamless online accessibility and digitization of the aforementioned "financial" services, in particular through greater legal certainty and simplification regarding the use of "digital identities" (also for "anti-money laundering" and KYC purposes), the execution and signing of relating contracts by means of “electronic” signatures and the new special formal requirements of the same contracts (e.g. see the "Simplification Decree", "Liquidity Decree" and "Relaunch Decree" adopted in 2020). In this regard, it should be noted that the special rules and formal requisites introduced during the pandemic "state of emergency" regarding the online subscription and conclusion of banking, financial and insurance contacts, so as to ensure full and uninterrupted access, even "remotely", to the underlying services, are indicative of the possible start of a process aimed at overcoming the necessary compliance, within the relating sectors, with traditional legal requirements established for this kind of contracts, in favor of the increasing qualification of such requirements no longer as static requirements of contracts but rather as functional requirements thereof, to ensure also a more substantial, and not only formal, customer protection.
Uno dei tratti caratterizzanti della recente evoluzione dei servizi bancari, di pagamento, finanziari e assicurativi è costituito dall’obiettivo di assicurarne un’agevole accessibilità in tempo reale anche “a distanza” e/o “in mobilità”, anche grazie alla maggior disponibilità d’innovative soluzioni ITC. Un processo questo che, nel rispondere in primis alle preferenze degli utenti e alla ricerca di maggior efficienza da parte dei relativi prestatori di servizi, ha subito da ultimo una brusca e del tutto inaspettata accelerazione, a causa della necessità di applicare con urgenza misure emergenziali di distanziamento interpersonale per il contenimento della pandemia da Covid-19. Tale evento inatteso ha rafforzato, in particolare, l’esigenza di attuare una radicale revisione del quadro normativo vigente in materia di conclusione ed esecuzione dei contratti relativi ai suddetti servizi “finanziari”, per renderlo più rispondente alle mutate esigenze sociali e alle possibilità offerte dallo sviluppo del c.d. Fintech. In quest’ottica, nel presente saggio sono analizzate alcune delle recenti innovazioni normative adottate in Italia, anche nell’ambito della decretazione d’urgenza in risposta all’emergenza pandemica, che appaiono maggiormente rilevanti rispetto all’obiettivo di promuovere l’agevole e ininterrotta accessibilità online e la digitalizzazione dei suddetti servizi “finanziari”, in particolare tramite una maggior certezza del diritto e la semplificazione circa l’utilizzo di “identità digitali” (anche ai fini degli adempimenti “antiriciclaggio” e di “adeguata verifica della clientela”), la conclusione e sottoscrizione dei relativi contratti tramite firme “elettroniche” e i nuovi e speciali requisiti di forma dei contratti stessi (e.g. Decreto Semplificazioni, Decreto Liquidità e Decreto Rilancio del 2020). Al riguardo si evidenzia come le norme e forme speciali introdotte durante lo “stato di emergenza” pandemica in materia di sottoscrizione e conclusione online dei contatti bancari, finanziari e assicurativi, per assicurare il pieno e ininterrotto accesso, anche “a distanza”, ai servizi stessi, risultano in definita indicative del possibile avvio di un processo volto al superamento, in tale ambito, della necessaria applicazione dei tradizionali requisiti stabiliti per i contratti della specie, a favore di una sempre più marcata qualificazione di tali requisiti in termini non più meramente statici, ma soprattutto funzionali, così da assicurare anche una più sostanziale, e non solo formale, tutela dei clienti.
Digitalizzazione e semplificazione normativa per la identificazione e “contrattualizzazione” online della clientela in ambito bancario, finanziario e assicurativo, tra stato di emergenza pandemica e accentuata funzionalizzazione dei requisiti di forma e degli obblighi informativi.
Simone Mezzacapo
2022
Abstract
One of the distinguishing features of the recent evolution of banking, payment, financial and insurance services is the objective of ensuring their easy and real-time accessibility even "remotely" and/or "on the move", also thanks to the wider availability of innovative ITC solutions. This is a process that, while being mainly driven by users' preferences and the search for greater efficiency on the part of service providers, has recently undergone a sudden and completely unexpected acceleration, due to the need to urgently apply emergency social distancing measures for the control of the Covid-19 pandemic. This unexpected event has reinforced, in particular, the need to implement a radical review of the current regulatory framework governing the conclusion and execution of contracts relating to the aforementioned "financial" services, so as to make it more responsive to the new social needs and the opportunities offered by the development of the so-called Fintech. With this in mind, this essay analyzes some of the recent regulatory measures adopted in Italy, also in the context of the emergency decrees enacted in response to the pandemic, which appear to be most relevant to the objective of promoting the straightforward and seamless online accessibility and digitization of the aforementioned "financial" services, in particular through greater legal certainty and simplification regarding the use of "digital identities" (also for "anti-money laundering" and KYC purposes), the execution and signing of relating contracts by means of “electronic” signatures and the new special formal requirements of the same contracts (e.g. see the "Simplification Decree", "Liquidity Decree" and "Relaunch Decree" adopted in 2020). In this regard, it should be noted that the special rules and formal requisites introduced during the pandemic "state of emergency" regarding the online subscription and conclusion of banking, financial and insurance contacts, so as to ensure full and uninterrupted access, even "remotely", to the underlying services, are indicative of the possible start of a process aimed at overcoming the necessary compliance, within the relating sectors, with traditional legal requirements established for this kind of contracts, in favor of the increasing qualification of such requirements no longer as static requirements of contracts but rather as functional requirements thereof, to ensure also a more substantial, and not only formal, customer protection.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.