Fungicide application is now the most efficacious method for controlling plant diseases caused by oomycetes and fungi. As legislation is limiting and reducing their use, this is strongly stimulating studies for the identification of additional and environmentally friendly approaches in the control of their associated diseases. Among these, induced resistance offers the prospect of long-lasting, broad-spectrum disease control through activation of the resistance defence machinery of the plant itself. At least three types of systemic induced resistance have been described that are effective against biotrophic and necrotrophic oomycetes and fungi: systemic acquired resistance, induced systemic resistance and β-aminobutyric- acid-induced resistance. The phytohormones salicylic acid, ethylene, jasmonic acid and abscisic acid are involved in the pathways that characterise these forms of resistance. Through crosstalk between the induced resistance pathways, it is likely that plants can minimise energy costs and create a flexible signalling network that allows fine tuning of the plant defence response to invaders. Possible resistance mechanisms to oomycetes and fungi during induced resistance are described here, and some examples of the application of induced resistance for the control of field and postharvest diseases of plants are reported and briefly discussed.
Induced resistance to plant diseases caused by oomycetes and fungi
BUONAURIO, Roberto;
2009
Abstract
Fungicide application is now the most efficacious method for controlling plant diseases caused by oomycetes and fungi. As legislation is limiting and reducing their use, this is strongly stimulating studies for the identification of additional and environmentally friendly approaches in the control of their associated diseases. Among these, induced resistance offers the prospect of long-lasting, broad-spectrum disease control through activation of the resistance defence machinery of the plant itself. At least three types of systemic induced resistance have been described that are effective against biotrophic and necrotrophic oomycetes and fungi: systemic acquired resistance, induced systemic resistance and β-aminobutyric- acid-induced resistance. The phytohormones salicylic acid, ethylene, jasmonic acid and abscisic acid are involved in the pathways that characterise these forms of resistance. Through crosstalk between the induced resistance pathways, it is likely that plants can minimise energy costs and create a flexible signalling network that allows fine tuning of the plant defence response to invaders. Possible resistance mechanisms to oomycetes and fungi during induced resistance are described here, and some examples of the application of induced resistance for the control of field and postharvest diseases of plants are reported and briefly discussed.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
