On October 4, 2023, the Republic of Mauritius’ Supreme Court issued that the criminal offense of sodomy, as provided by Article 250 of the Penal Code, is unconstitutional since it is in breach of Art. 16 Constitution (prohibition against discrimination). The Court’s decision is based on an evolutionary interpretation that goes beyond the fact that Art. 16 lacks an explicit mention of “sexual orientation” among the prohibited grounds of discrimination. The decision is here analyzed in light of two qualifying aspects of the “judicial way” towards the decriminalization of homosexuality at the global level: public interest litigation and dialogue between courts. The positive outcomes of judicial litigation repealing anti-sodomy laws do not eliminate the tension between the role of the courts and parliament’s political sovereignty in advancing the protection of constitutional principles and rights for minorities and traditionally disadvantaged groups; in particular, in the African context, this tension is likely to produce backlash and fuel resistance also in terms of defending “local cultural identity” through legitimate democratic processes.
Il 4 ottobre 2023 la Corte Suprema della Repubblica di Mauritius ha dichiarato incostituzionale il reato di sodomia previsto dall’art. 250 del Codice Penale in quanto lesivo del divieto di discriminazioni sancito dall’art. 16 Cost. La decisione della Corte – che si poggia su un’interpretazione evolutiva in grado di superare l’assenza dell’esplicita menzione della “sexual orientation” tra i fattori di discriminazione vietati dalla norma costituzionale – è qui analizzata alla luce di due aspetti qualificanti della “via giurisdizionale” verso la de-penalizzazione dell’omosessualità a livello globale: la public interest litigation e il dialogo tra le corti. I risvolti positivi dei contenziosi giudiziari che si concludono con il superamento dell’anti-sodomy law non eliminano la tensione tra ruolo delle corti e sovranità politica del parlamento nell’avanzamento della tutela dei principi e dei diritti costituzionali a favore di minoranze e gruppi tradizionalmente svantaggiati; in particolare, nel contesto africano, tale tensione è in grado di produrre contraccolpi e alimentare resistenze, anche in chiave di difesa dell’“identità culturale locale” per mezzo di legittimi processi democratici.
Il superamento dell’anti-sodomy law nella Repubblica di Mauritius tra contenzioso strategico e global judicial dialogue
Locchi Maria Chiara
2024
Abstract
On October 4, 2023, the Republic of Mauritius’ Supreme Court issued that the criminal offense of sodomy, as provided by Article 250 of the Penal Code, is unconstitutional since it is in breach of Art. 16 Constitution (prohibition against discrimination). The Court’s decision is based on an evolutionary interpretation that goes beyond the fact that Art. 16 lacks an explicit mention of “sexual orientation” among the prohibited grounds of discrimination. The decision is here analyzed in light of two qualifying aspects of the “judicial way” towards the decriminalization of homosexuality at the global level: public interest litigation and dialogue between courts. The positive outcomes of judicial litigation repealing anti-sodomy laws do not eliminate the tension between the role of the courts and parliament’s political sovereignty in advancing the protection of constitutional principles and rights for minorities and traditionally disadvantaged groups; in particular, in the African context, this tension is likely to produce backlash and fuel resistance also in terms of defending “local cultural identity” through legitimate democratic processes.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.