Mitral Valve Repair in the Modern Era: Insights into Techniques and Technologies with a Glimpse of the Future

Mitral valve repair has evolved significantly with the advent of advanced surgical and transcatheter techniques. Innovations such as 3D visualization, robotic surgery, and transcatheter edge-to-edge repair have improved procedural precision and expanded treatment options for high-risk patients. Emerging technologies, including transcatheter mitral valve repair, annuloplasty, and chordal systems, offer tailored solutions for complex mitral pathology. Personalized treatment strategies, guided by multimodality imaging and artificially intelligence-driven planning, are reshaping clinical decision-making. Ongoing trials and next-generation devices are poised to enhance long-term outcomes, marking a shift toward minimally invasive, precision-guided mitral valve therapy. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of recent technological advances, clinical applications, and future directions in mitral valve repair across surgical and interventional domains.