Multiscale Kinetic Model for Immune Reaction in Coeliac Disease

This paper presents a multiscale model that captures the complex dynamics of coeliac disease, a chronic T-cell-mediated autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten ingestion in genetically susceptible individuals. Grounded in the mathematical kinetic theory of active particles, the model captures the intricate dynamics of the immunological cascade that leads to small intestinal damage, involving complex interactions across molecular, cellular, and tissue scales. This approach explicitly models the different functional subsystems involved and examines the role of molecular messengers in shaping these dynamics, focusing on gluten recognition and immune system activation. Simulations demonstrate that the model can reproduce significant clinical and biological observations of coeliac disease, suggesting its potential to inform therapeutic strategies.