Palynological characterisation of the Lower Carnian of the Kea5 borehole (Koudiat El Halfa Dome; Central Atlas, Tunisia)

In Central Tunisia, the Triassic outcrops of the Koudiat El Halfa and Rheouis Domes are mainly composed of an evaporite-dominated succession. The scarce biostratigraphic data available to date assign a Ladinian-Carnian age for the outcropping strata. The present palynological study data demonstrate an Early Carnian (Julian) age for the Triassic sediments penetrated by the KEA5 borehole in the Koudiat El Halfa Dome, which were previously considered to represent Middle Triassic. The palynological record mainly consists of Enzonalasporites vigens, Patinasporites densus, Vallasporites ignacii, Brodispora striata, Samaropollenites speciosus, Ovalipollis pseudoalatus in association with Circumpolles species such as Praecirculina granifer, Camerosporites secatus and Duplicisporites granulatus. In addition, Lagenella martini and Aulisporites astigmosus occur in the upper part of the drilled succession and their first appearance could indicate a Julian-Early Tuvalian age. These new data allow a palynostratigraphic correlation with the Rheouis Formation cropping out along the structural ‘‘North–South Axis’’ of Central Tunisia, particularly in the Jebel Rheouis Dome. The drilled succession can be correlated with the Black Dolostones (Tr3) and the Middle Gypsum (Tr4) members of the Rheouis Formation.