[Historical Archives of Italian Nephrology. The history of gout as a paradigmatic example to summarize all the stages in the evolution of the etiopathogenetic and nosographic concepts of medicine through the ages.]

Gout is one of the oldest known diseases. The term derives from the Latin “gutta”, which means “a drop”. This word expresses and describes, as no other term can, a method of interpreting the pathologies that have been with us for more than 2000 yrs. The theory of humoral disturbance goes back to the time of Hippocrates. This paper is a historical review of gout, with particular attention given to the interpretation of the origins of clinical, articular and renal involvement allowing us paradigmatically to sum up all the stages in the evolution of the etiopathogenetic and nosographic concepts of medicine through the ages.