Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (RCC): oncological outcomes and prognostic factors in a large multicentre series

OBJECTIVES • To investigate cancer-related outcomes of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (ChRCC) in a large multicentre dataset. • To determine prognostic factors for recurrence-free survival (RFS) and cancer-specifi c survival (CSS) for this RCC histological type. PATIENTS AND METHODS • In all, 291 patients with ChRCC were identified from a multi-institutional retrospective database including 5463 patients who were surgically treated for RCC at 16 Italian academic centres between 1995 and 2007. • Univariable and multivariable Cox regression models were used to identify prognostic factors predictive of RFS and CSS after surgery for ChRCC. RESULTS • At a median follow-up of 44 months, 25 patients (8.6%) had disease recurrence and 18 patients (6.2%) died from disease. • The 5-year RFS and CSS rates were 89.3% and 93%, respectively. • Gender ( P = 0.014), clinical T stage ( P = 0.017), pathological T stage ( P = 0.003), and sarcomatoid differentiation ( P = 0.032) were independent predictors of RFS at multivariable analysis. • For CSS, there was an independent prognostic role for gender ( P = 0.032) and T stage ( P = 0.019) among the clinical variables and for T stage ( P = 0.016), N/M stage ( P = 0.023), and sarcomatoid differentiation ( P = 0.015) among the pathological variables. CONCLUSIONS • Patients with ChRCC have a low risk of tumour progression, metastasis, and cancer-specific death. • Patient gender, clinical and pathological tumour stage, and sarcomatoid differentiation are signifi cant predictors of RFS and CSS for ChRCC