Flaxseed is a rich source of α -linolenic acid and phytoestr ogens, mainly ligna ns, whose metabolite s (enterodiol and enterolactone ) can affect estrogen functions. The present study evaluated the influence of dietary flaxseed supplement ation on reproduc tiv e perform ance and egg characteristics (fatty acids, cholesterol, lignans and isoflavones) of 40 Hy-Line hens (20/group) fed fo r 23 weeks a control diet or the same diet supplement ed with 10% of extruded flaxseed. The flaxseed diet had approxima tely three times the content of lignans (2608. 54 ng/g) as the control diet, mainly secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (1534. 24 v . 494.72 ng/g). When co mpared with the control group, hens fed flaxseed showed a similar deposition rate (72.0% v . 73.9%) and egg yield. Furtherm ore, there was no effe ct of flaxseed on the main chemical composition of the egg and on its cholester ol c o nt en t . Est r a diol was hig her in the plasm a of the control grou p (1419 .00 v . 1077. 01 pg/ml) probably due to the effe ct of flaxseed on phytoestrogen meta bolites. The plasma lignans we re higher in hens fed flaxseed , whereas iso flavones we re lower , mainly due to the lower eq u ol value (50.52 v . 71.01 ng/ml) . A similar trend was shown in eggs: the flaxseed group had higher level of enterodiol and enterolactone, wherea s the equol was lower (198.3 1 v . 142 .02 ng/g yolk ). Secoisolariciresinol was the main lignan in eggs of the flaxseed group and its concen tration was three time s higher then control eggs. Flaxs eed also improved the n-3 long-chain polyuns aturated fatty acid s of eggs (3. 25 v . 0.92 mg/g egg), mainly DHA, however , its oxidative status (t hioba r bituric reactive substances) was nega tively affect ed. In conclusion, 10% diet ary flaxseed did not affect the produc tive perf ormance of hens o r the yolk cholesterol concentration, whereas the lignans and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid conte nt of eggs improved . Further details on the competition between the diff erent dietary phytoestrogens and their metabolites (estrogen, equol, entero diol and enterolactone) should be investigated.
Performance and egg quality of laying hens fed flaxseed: highlights on n-3 fatty acids, cholesterol, lignans and isoflavones
MATTIOLI, SIMONA
;RUGGERI, SILVIA;SEBASTIANI, Bartolomeo;BRECCHIA, Gabriele;DAL BOSCO, Alessandro;CARTONI MANCINELLI, ALICE;CASTELLINI, Cesare
2016
Abstract
Flaxseed is a rich source of α -linolenic acid and phytoestr ogens, mainly ligna ns, whose metabolite s (enterodiol and enterolactone ) can affect estrogen functions. The present study evaluated the influence of dietary flaxseed supplement ation on reproduc tiv e perform ance and egg characteristics (fatty acids, cholesterol, lignans and isoflavones) of 40 Hy-Line hens (20/group) fed fo r 23 weeks a control diet or the same diet supplement ed with 10% of extruded flaxseed. The flaxseed diet had approxima tely three times the content of lignans (2608. 54 ng/g) as the control diet, mainly secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (1534. 24 v . 494.72 ng/g). When co mpared with the control group, hens fed flaxseed showed a similar deposition rate (72.0% v . 73.9%) and egg yield. Furtherm ore, there was no effe ct of flaxseed on the main chemical composition of the egg and on its cholester ol c o nt en t . Est r a diol was hig her in the plasm a of the control grou p (1419 .00 v . 1077. 01 pg/ml) probably due to the effe ct of flaxseed on phytoestrogen meta bolites. The plasma lignans we re higher in hens fed flaxseed , whereas iso flavones we re lower , mainly due to the lower eq u ol value (50.52 v . 71.01 ng/ml) . A similar trend was shown in eggs: the flaxseed group had higher level of enterodiol and enterolactone, wherea s the equol was lower (198.3 1 v . 142 .02 ng/g yolk ). Secoisolariciresinol was the main lignan in eggs of the flaxseed group and its concen tration was three time s higher then control eggs. Flaxs eed also improved the n-3 long-chain polyuns aturated fatty acid s of eggs (3. 25 v . 0.92 mg/g egg), mainly DHA, however , its oxidative status (t hioba r bituric reactive substances) was nega tively affect ed. In conclusion, 10% diet ary flaxseed did not affect the produc tive perf ormance of hens o r the yolk cholesterol concentration, whereas the lignans and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid conte nt of eggs improved . Further details on the competition between the diff erent dietary phytoestrogens and their metabolites (estrogen, equol, entero diol and enterolactone) should be investigated.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
