The Dewar–Chatt–Duncanson (DCD) model provides a successful theoretical framework to describe the nature of the chemical bond in transition-metal compounds and is especially useful in structural chemistry and catalysis. However, how to actually measure its constituents (substrate- to-metal donation and metal-to-substrate back-donation) is yet uncertain. Recently, we demonstrated that the DCD components can be neatly disentangled and the pi back-donation component put in strict correlation with some experimental observables. In the present work we make a further crucial step forward, showing that, in a large set of charged and neutral N-heterocyclic carbene complexes of gold(I), a specific component of the NMR chemical shift tensor of the carbenic carbon provides a selective measure of the s donation. This work opens the possibility of 1) to characterize unambiguously the electronic structure of a metal fragment (LAu(I)n+/0 in this case) by actually measuring its s-withdrawing ability, 2) to quickly establish a comparative trend for the ligand trans effect, and 3) to achieve a more rigorous control of the ligand electronic effect, which is a key aspect for the design of new catalysts and metal complexes.

13C NMR Spectroscopy of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes Can Selectively Probe σ Donation in Gold(I) Complexes

BISTONI, GIOVANNI;MACCHIONI, Alceo;ZUCCACCIA, DANIELE;TARANTELLI, Francesco;BELPASSI, LEONARDO
2017

Abstract

The Dewar–Chatt–Duncanson (DCD) model provides a successful theoretical framework to describe the nature of the chemical bond in transition-metal compounds and is especially useful in structural chemistry and catalysis. However, how to actually measure its constituents (substrate- to-metal donation and metal-to-substrate back-donation) is yet uncertain. Recently, we demonstrated that the DCD components can be neatly disentangled and the pi back-donation component put in strict correlation with some experimental observables. In the present work we make a further crucial step forward, showing that, in a large set of charged and neutral N-heterocyclic carbene complexes of gold(I), a specific component of the NMR chemical shift tensor of the carbenic carbon provides a selective measure of the s donation. This work opens the possibility of 1) to characterize unambiguously the electronic structure of a metal fragment (LAu(I)n+/0 in this case) by actually measuring its s-withdrawing ability, 2) to quickly establish a comparative trend for the ligand trans effect, and 3) to achieve a more rigorous control of the ligand electronic effect, which is a key aspect for the design of new catalysts and metal complexes.
2017
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11391/1402404
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